Was CEEFAX a BBC only service in the UK or could ITV have their own version? How did it work would you have to be tuned to the BBC to watch or could you be on any channel?
Ceefax and Oracle (later Teletext) were just brand names for the teletext services. Ceefax could only be received on the BBC channels and Oracle was on ITV and (later) Channel 4.
Yes, both systems started off in the early 70s as separate r&d projects by the BBC and IBA
BBC Ceefax is just a play on words, See Facts
IBA Oracle stood for, Optional Reception of Announcements by Coded Line Electronics
I think both started as a means of providing subtitles (closed captions in US speak)
By 1972 both broadcasters had developed incompatible but very similar systems, so they collaborated to
produce what became World Standard Teletext (WST)
The BBC launched Ceefax publicly, followed a short while later by Oracle. Suitably equipped receivers were initially rare and expensive, but the services took off around 1980 ish
WST was used by a number of other broadcasters world wide, (and some services still exist)
Further stuff
http://teletext.mb21.co.uk/